The 12-Step program was
originally developed and implemented in the United States by the founders of
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). This fellowship group was created by two
individuals, Dr. Bob Smith and Bill Wilson, and was designed specifically for
alcohol addiction recovery. Over time, different groups have used the 12-Step
program and modified the language to apply to different types of addiction
recovery programs.
RELIGION, SPIRITUALITY AND
BELIEF
The original 12-Step program
used by AA and other recovery programs often had a strong religious basis, and
it included prayers and mention of God or a higher power in the actual steps
and in the program materials. Many groups now use the term a 'higher power'
exclusively to designate that change does require more than just the will of
the individual. The higher power is self-defined, and it can be spiritual or
non-spiritual in nature.
GROUP SUPPORT
In keeping with looking for
resources outside of self, group support is another valuable component of any
12 Step program. Having a mentor or sponsor as well as the ability to talk with
individuals that are dealing with the same challenges in their recovery is very
helpful to many in recovery.
Groups meetings can be
attended as needed by the individual. Most people will attend frequently until
they have achieved the sober lifestyle they desire, and then attend as needed.
The understanding that the group is always there, will follow specific
principles and guidelines, and respects each individual's progress, privacy and
life story is a great asset in recovery.
MEASURABLE PROGRESS
The process itself,
developed through working through the 12 Steps in order, is measurable and
strategically planned. As addicts admit their addiction, learn to use resources
and rely on a higher power they gain specific skills necessary to continue on
mending relationships and strengthening themselves.
Steps in the program do not
just focus on addiction recovery. They also help with acknowledging and
addressing the relationship damage that addictions of all types cause. Within
the program, the addict will, in later steps, make amends, modify behaviour,
and acknowledge. So, whenever possible, he/she may address the injuries done to
self and others through the addiction.
This time-tested and research-proven
pathway to recovery and sobriety for life addresses all issues of addiction
from the actual illness component to physical and mental health. Working in
developing an understanding of spirituality at a personal and not necessarily
religious level is also key in the success that the process has experienced.
These programs are designed
to be used for a group with identified and similar addictions. In other words,
alcoholics complete a program with other alcoholics, while those with drug
addictions do best in groups focussed on narcotics addictions.
As with any type of
addiction recovery, participation in a 12-Step program is only one component of
a journey to sobriety and living an addiction free life. Therapy, counselling,
and coaching is typically used in conjunction with the program for optimum
results.
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